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Q345 is a low alloy steel material commonly used in motor vehicles, bridges, ships, and construction. Also known as GB/T 1591, the Q signifies the yield point, and the 345 references the strength of yield. As such, it is essential to note that the yield value decreases as the material thickness increases.
Q345,235These two types both belong to 16Mn steel grade and are usually produced in several hot rolled processes such as in steel plate and in steel coil/sheet. They are actually a Chinese standardized type of steel, and are becoming some of the most useful steels in the market today due to their mild temper, formability, and easy welding capability. This type of steel has robust mechanical and welding properties, thus providing good performance in structural applications. They are widely used as structural parts in producing ships, railways, bridges, automotives, steel tanks, and vessel containers among, other uses.
Q235 and Q345 both have the same chemical composition, both have the chemicals Carbon, Silicon, Manganese, Phosphorus and Sulfur. The main difference in their composition is the percentage of each chemical, outlined in the following charts:
| Steel Grade | Chemical Composition of Q235 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C(≤) | Mn(≤) | Si(≤) | S(≤) | P(≤) | Cu(≤) | |
| A36 | 0.26 | 0.4 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.2min | |
| Q235A | 0.14~0.22 | 0.3~0.65 | 0.3 | 0.05 | 0.045 | |
| Q235B | 0.12~0.20 | 0.30~0.70 | 0.3 | 0.045 | 0.045 | |
| SS400 | – | – | 0.05 | 0.05 | ||
| Steel Grade | Chemical Composition of Q345 | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| C≤ | Mn | Si≤ | P≤ | S≤ | V | Nb | Ti | Al≥ | |
| A | 0.02 | 1.00~1.60 | 0.55 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.02~0.15 | 0.015~0.060 | 0.2 | – |
| B | 0.02 | 1.00~1.60 | 0.55 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.02~0.15 | 0.015~0.060 | 0.2 | – |
| C | 0.02 | 1.00~1.60 | 0.55 | 0.035 | 0.035 | 0.02~0.15 | 0.015~0.060 | 0.2 | 0.015 |
| D | 0.02 | 1.00~1.60 | 0.55 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 0.02~0.15 | 0.015~0.060 | 0.2 | 0.015 |
| E | 0.02 | 1.00~1.60 | 0.55 | 0.025 | 0.025 | 0.02~0.15 | 0.015~0.060 | 0.2 | 0.015 |
In this regard, these two types of steel also have different recommended applications due to their differing alloy contents:
• One should go for Q235 if the actual application is a type of metal construction that does not require much of steel strength, ie. tie rods, bolts and nuts, hooks/couplers, sleeves or welding parts.
• Opt for Q345 if you are building oil tanks, automotives, low-pressure vessels, cranes, mining machineries, power stations, building structures and other general parts. This is due to the fact that it has good mechanical properties, can perform in lower temperatures, has excellent plasticity as well as good welding properties. They are normally delivered in hot rolled or in normalizing state, and they can be used on areas with low temperatures that can go down to -40C.
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